读后续写积累提能练之情感细节描写: 悲伤、沮丧与孤独
教材语料整合
亮词：
[情感描写] joy
[动作描写] attract; embrace; admit; interact; wave; complain; request; decorate
[环境描写] pole; polar; roof; lantern; firework; overseas
美句：
1. The children must have been very excited as they opened it. (心理描写)
2. To celebrate the Lantern Festival, we decorate our windows with balloons and posters. (环境描写)
3. Eating out may change the form of this tradition, but the love between the family members sitting around the table together remains the same. (结尾升华句)
4. To me, the process is even more important than the dinner itself. (结尾升华句)
拓展语料积累
情感细节描写:
悲伤、沮丧与孤独 (一)
单词：
grief n. 悲伤, 悲痛 sad adj. 悲伤的→sadly adv. 悲伤地→sadness n. 悲伤; 悲哀 sorrow n. 悲伤, 悲哀 v. 感到 (或表示) 悲伤→sorrowful adj. 悲伤的, 悲痛的→sorrowfully adv. 悲伤地 lonely adj. 孤独的→loneliness n. 孤独 frustrate vt. 使懊恼, 使沮丧→frustrated adj. 懊恼的, 沮丧的→frustrating adj. 令人懊恼的, 令人沮丧的→frustration n. 沮丧
词块：
a sense/wave of loneliness/sadness一阵孤独/悲伤 be numb with sorrow/sadness难过得麻木 at a loss不知所措; 处于困惑状态 cry one’s eyes out 痛哭 be filled with/full of sadness满是悲伤 sob/weep with one’s face buried in one’s hands 掩面啜泣 break down崩溃, 失控痛哭 sadness filled one’s voice 声音里满是悲伤 be on the verge of tears快要哭了 burst into tears/burst out crying突然哭起来; 放声大哭
句型：
An air of sorrow and loneliness washed/settled over her. (无灵主语句) 一种悲伤和孤独的气氛笼罩着她。
She locked herself in her room, abandoning herself to/bathing herself in great sadness. (现在分词短语作状语) 她把自己锁在房间里, 沉浸在极度的悲伤中。
She shook her head miserably, tears pouring/rolling/streaming down her cheeks. (独立主格) 她痛苦地摇了摇头, 泪水顺着脸颊流下来。
Upon hearing the bad news, she felt seized by a burst of sadness and couldn’t help crying bitterly. 听到这个坏消息, 她感到一阵悲伤, 禁不住痛哭起来。
语料运用【平安夜】
On Christmas Eve, when we checked into a dark and dirty hotel, ①______________________________________________________ (无灵主语). It was raining and cold when we went out to eat; ②______________________________________________. My wife ordered our meal in French, but the waiter brought us the wrong thing, and I complained to my wife. She buried her face in her hands, ③____________________________________ (独立主格). The boys defended her, and I was at a loss, ④________________________ (形容词短语作状语). All of us just sat there, ⑤________________________________________ (现在分词短语作状语). It was at that time that a boy with a bright smile gave us some beautiful roses, which lifted up our low spirits.
平安夜, 当我们入住一家又黑又脏的旅馆时, 一股悲伤和孤独涌上心头。我们出去吃饭时, 正下着雨, 天气很冷; 我们感到一阵悲伤, 几乎要哭出来了。我妻子用法语点了餐, 但服务员端上来的东西不对, 我向妻子抱怨。她双手掩面, 眼泪顺着脸颊淌了下来。男孩子们为她辩护, 而我不知所措, 悲伤得麻木了。我们大家都只是坐在那里, 沉浸在巨大的悲伤中。就在那时, 一个男孩带着灿烂的微笑送给我们一些美丽的玫瑰, 这使我们低落的情绪振作起来。
【答案解析】
1.① a wave of sadness and loneliness washed over us
答案:awave of sadness and loneliness washed over us.
解析:无灵主语(Inanimate Subject)指的是主语不是人或有生命的物体。这里描述“一股悲伤和孤独涌上心头”，主语是抽象情感“悲伤和孤独”(sadness andloneliness)，谓语是“涌上”(washed over)，符合要求。使用 a wave of 来比喻情感的强烈冲击。
2.②a deep sorrow seized us, almost making us cry.答案:adeep sorrow seized us, almost making us cry
解析: 中文“我们感到一阵悲伤，几乎要哭出来了"描述了悲伤的突然和强烈。英文用无灵主语a deep sorrow(抽象情感)作主语，seized us(抓住了我们)形象地表达了这种情感的突然侵袭和掌控力。后半部分almost makinguscry 是现在分词短语作结果状语，说明悲伤带来的结果(几乎要哭出来)。
③ tears streaming down her cheeks.
答案:tears streaming down her cheeks.
解析:独立主格结构(Absolute Construction)通常由“名词/代词 +非谓语动词(分词、不定式)或形容词/副词/介词短语”构成，表示伴随状况、原因等。这里“眼泪顺着脸颊淌了下来”是伴随“双手掩面”的动作发生的。Tears(名词)是逻辑主语，streamingdownhercheeks(现在分词短语)描述其动作状态，构成独立主格结构，表示伴随的细节。
4.④ benumbed with grief.
答案:benumbed with grief.
解析:形容词短语作状语(Adjective Phrase as Adverbial)用来说明主语的状态或特征。中文“悲伤得麻木了"描述了“我”的状态。Benumbed(麻木的)是形容词，withgrief(由于悲伤)是介词短语修饰它，共同构成形容词短语，说明主语““当时的状态(麻木的)并且表示原因(因为悲伤而麻木)。
5.⑤ drowned in overwhelming sorrow.
答案:drowned in overwhelming sorrow.
解析:现在分词短语作状语(PresentParticiple Phrase asAdverbial)可以表示伴随状态。中文“沉浸在巨大的悲伤中”描述了“坐着”时的状态。Drowned in overwhelming sorrow(被巨大的悲伤淹没)是现在分词短语(核心是分词drowned)，修饰动词 sat，说明他们坐着时的伴随状态(完全被悲伤吞噬)。